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Increase in the ICAM-I (intracellular adhesion molecule)( CD 45) level
The intracellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1 (CD54) ensures that immuno-competent cells can pass through vessel walls in order to approach cancer cells and kill them. Malignant tumours cannot grow beyond a diameter of 1 mm without developing their own vessel system (tumour angiogenesis). As newly developed tumour vessels contain a very low level of ICAM-I, immuno-competent cells do not invade the tumour via its vessels. Avemar has a significant stimulatory effect on ICAM-1 protein synthesis, thus enhancing the cellular anti-cancer immune response. Avemar achieves this both directly and indirectly, by increasing the TNFAlpha production of macrophages, which helps leukocytes and lymphocytes reach the tumour cells.
Conclusions: This is yet another mechanism which helps us to understand how the increase of cellular immune response contributes to a more efficient inhibition of tumour cell proliferation.
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